Blowing in the wind

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from machine import Pin, I2C, ADC, SPI
import time
import binascii
import machine, sdcard, uos

I2C_PORT = 0
I2C_SDA = 20
I2C_SCL = 21
SD_ON = 22
ALARM_PIN = 3
alarm_triggered = False

adc0 = ADC(Pin(26))  # ADC0
adc1 = ADC(Pin(27))  # ADC1

# -----------------------------
# RTC ds3231 class
# -----------------------------
class ds3231():
    w  = ["Sunday","Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday","Thursday","Friday","Saturday"];
    address = 0x68
    start_reg = 0x00
    alarm1_reg = 0x07
    control_reg = 0x0e
    status_reg = 0x0f

    def __init__(self,i2c_port,i2c_scl,i2c_sda):
        self.bus = I2C(i2c_port,scl=Pin(i2c_scl),sda=Pin(i2c_sda))
        self.alarm_pin = Pin(ALARM_PIN, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP)
        self.alarm_pin.irq(handler=self.alarm_irq_handler, trigger=Pin.IRQ_FALLING)

    def set_time(self,new_time):
        hour = new_time[0] + new_time[1]
        minute = new_time[3] + new_time[4]
        second = new_time[6] + new_time[7]
        week = "0" + str(self.w.index(new_time.split(",",2)[1])+1)
        year = new_time.split(",",2)[2][2] + new_time.split(",",2)[2][3]
        month = new_time.split(",",2)[2][5] + new_time.split(",",2)[2][6]
        day = new_time.split(",",2)[2][8] + new_time.split(",",2)[2][9]
        now_time = binascii.unhexlify((second + " " + minute + " " + hour + " " + week + " " + day + " " + month + " " + year).replace(' ',''))
        self.bus.writeto_mem(int(self.address),int(self.start_reg),now_time)

    def alarm_irq_handler(self, pin):
        global alarm_triggered
        alarm_triggered = True

    def set_alarm_time(self, alarm_time):
        self.alarm_pin = Pin(ALARM_PIN, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP)
        self.alarm_pin.irq(handler=self.alarm_irq_handler, trigger=Pin.IRQ_FALLING)
        # ステータスフラグクリア
        status = rtc.bus.readfrom_mem(rtc.address, rtc.status_reg, 1)
        rtc.bus.writeto_mem(rtc.address, rtc.status_reg, bytes([status[0] & 0xFE]))
        # コントロールレジスタ設定
        self.bus.writeto_mem(self.address, self.control_reg, b'\x07')
        # アラーム時刻設定
        hour = alarm_time[0] + alarm_time[1]
        minute = alarm_time[3] + alarm_time[4]
        second = alarm_time[6] + alarm_time[7]
        date = alarm_time.split(",", 2)[2][8] + alarm_time.split(",", 2)[2][9]
        now_time = binascii.unhexlify((second + minute + hour + date).replace(' ', ''))
        self.bus.writeto_mem(self.address, self.alarm1_reg, now_time)

    def get_date(self):
        t = self.bus.readfrom_mem(self.address, self.start_reg, 7)
        year = 2000 + bcd2dec(t[6])
        month = bcd2dec(t[5])
        day = bcd2dec(t[4])
        return year, month, day

def bcd2dec(bcd):
    return ((bcd >> 4) * 10) + (bcd & 0x0F)

# -----------------------------
# SDLoggerVFS class (SPI + Hi-Z安全化)
# -----------------------------
class SDLoggerVFS:
    def __init__(self, spi_id, cs_pin, power_pin):
        self.spi_id = spi_id
        self.cs_pin = cs_pin
        self.power_pin = Pin(power_pin, Pin.OUT)
        self.mount_point = '/sd'
        self.spi = None
        # SPIピン番号
        self.SCK_PIN = 18
        self.MOSI_PIN = 17
        self.MISO_PIN = 16

    def power_on(self):
        self.power_pin.value(0)
        time.sleep(0.2)

    def power_off(self):
        self.power_pin.value(1)

    def spi_init(self):
        self.spi = SPI(self.spi_id, baudrate=1_000_000, polarity=0, phase=0)

    def spi_deinit_and_hiz(self):
        if self.spi:
            self.spi.deinit()
            self.spi = None
        # ピンをHi-Z入力に戻してpull-down
        Pin(self.MOSI_PIN, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_DOWN)
        Pin(self.MISO_PIN, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_DOWN)
        Pin(self.SCK_PIN, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_DOWN)

    def write(self, rtc, value1, value2):
        # SDカード電源ON
        self.power_on()
        # SPI初期化
        self.spi_init()
        # SDCardライブラリ初期化
        sd = sdcard.SDCard(self.spi, Pin(self.cs_pin))
        # マウント
        uos.mount(sd, self.mount_point)

        # ファイル書き込み
        year, month, day = rtc.get_date()
        filename = f"{self.mount_point}/{year:04d}-{month:02d}-{day:02d}.txt"
        with open(filename, 'a') as f:
            f.write(f"{value1},{value2}\n")

        # アンマウント
        uos.umount(self.mount_point)
        # SPI停止 + Hi-Z化
        self.spi_deinit_and_hiz()
        # SDカード電源OFF
        self.power_off()

# -----------------------------
# RTC時間加算用
# -----------------------------
def add_time_period_to_rtc_time(rtc):
    t = rtc.bus.readfrom_mem(rtc.address, rtc.start_reg, 7)
    year = 2000 + bcd2dec(t[6])
    month = bcd2dec(t[5] & 0x1F)
    day = bcd2dec(t[4] & 0x3F)
    hour = bcd2dec(t[2] & 0x3F)
    minute = bcd2dec(t[1] & 0x7F)
    second = bcd2dec(t[0] & 0x7F)
    weekday = t[3] & 0x07
    def is_leap(year):
        return (year % 4 == 0 and year % 100 != 0) or (year % 400 == 0)
    def days_in_month(y, m):
        mdays = [31, 29 if is_leap(y) else 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31]
        return mdays[m-1]
    second += 10
    if second >= 60:
        second -= 60
        minute += 1
        if minute >= 60:
            minute = 0
            hour += 1
            if hour >= 24:
                hour = 0
                day += 1
                weekday = weekday + 1 if weekday < 7 else 1 if day > days_in_month(year, month):
                    day = 1
                    month += 1
                    if month > 12:
                        month = 1
                        year += 1
    w = ["Sunday","Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday","Thursday","Friday","Saturday"]
    weekday_str = w[weekday-1]
    alarm_time_str = "{:02d}:{:02d}:{:02d},{},{:04d}-{:02d}-{:02d}".format(
        hour, minute, second, weekday_str, year, month, day)
    return alarm_time_str

def set_alarm():
    alarm_time_later = add_time_period_to_rtc_time(rtc)
    print("Alarm time 10 sec later:", alarm_time_later)
    rtc.set_alarm_time(alarm_time_later)
    rtc.alarm_pin = Pin(ALARM_PIN, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP)

def clear_alarm_flag():
    status = rtc.bus.readfrom_mem(rtc.address, rtc.status_reg, 1)
    rtc.bus.writeto_mem(rtc.address, rtc.status_reg, bytes([status[0] & 0xFE]))

# -----------------------------
# main
# -----------------------------
if __name__ == '__main__':
    rtc = ds3231(I2C_PORT,I2C_SCL,I2C_SDA)
    set_alarm()

    logger = SDLoggerVFS(0, 17, SD_ON)
    value1 = round((adc0.read_u16() >> 4) * 3.3 * 3 / 4096, 2)
    value2 = round((adc1.read_u16() >> 4) * 3.3 * 2 / 4096, 2)
    print(value1, value2)
    logger.write(rtc, value1, value2)

    try:
        while True:
            if alarm_triggered:
                alarm_triggered = False
                clear_alarm_flag()
                time.sleep_ms(5)
                set_alarm()
                value1 = round((adc0.read_u16() >> 4) * 3.3 * 3 / 4096, 2)
                value2 = round((adc1.read_u16() >> 4) * 3.3 * 2 / 4096, 2)
                print(value1, value2)
                if value2 > 1.8:
                    logger.write(rtc, value1, value2)
                time.sleep(10)
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        print("terminated")

———————————————————
MicroPython v1.26.0 on 2025-08-09; Raspberry Pi Pico2 with RP2350
Type "help()" for more information or .help for custom vREPL commands.

>>> 
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "", line 7, in 
  File "sdcard.py", line 54, in __init__
  File "sdcard.py", line 82, in init_card
OSError: no SD card

>>> 
2025/09/12 17:18:00 Friday
alarm1 time is up
———————————————————

os.listdir(‘/sd’)	の結果を格納して出力（以下のコード）すると、

files = os.listdir('/sd')   # set to mount point

for file in files:
    print(file)

>>> 
overlays
bcm2708-rpi-b-plus.dtb
LICENCE.broadcom
issue.txt

~~~ 以下省略（ラズパイのシステムディスクだからこんな中身）

Alarm time 1 min later: 20:28:31,Sunday,2025-09-14
5.09
Alarm time 1 min later: 20:29:31,Sunday,2025-09-14
5.09
Alarm time 1 min later: 20:30:31,Sunday,2025-09-14
5.1
Alarm time 1 min later: 20:31:31,Sunday,2025-09-14
5.09
Alarm time 1 min later: 20:32:31,Sunday,2025-09-14
5.1

5.09
5.1
5.09
5.1
5.09
5.1
5.07

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from machine import Pin, I2C, ADC
import time
import binascii
import machine, sdcard, os

#    https://www.waveshare.net/w/upload/0/08/Pico-RTC-DS3231_Sch.pdf
I2C_PORT = 0
I2C_SDA = 20
I2C_SCL = 21
SD_ON = 22

ALARM_PIN = 3
alarm_triggered = False

adc = ADC(Pin(26))  # ADC0 pin


class ds3231():
#            13:45:00 Mon 24 May 2021
#  the register value is the binary-coded decimal (BCD) format
#               sec min hour week day month year
    NowTime = b'\x00\x45\x13\x02\x24\x05\x21'
    w  = ["Sunday","Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday","Thursday","Friday","Saturday"];
    address = 0x68
    start_reg = 0x00
    alarm1_reg = 0x07
    control_reg = 0x0e
    status_reg = 0x0f
    
    def __init__(self,i2c_port,i2c_scl,i2c_sda):
        self.bus = I2C(i2c_port,scl=Pin(i2c_scl),sda=Pin(i2c_sda))

    def set_time(self,new_time):
        hour = new_time[0] + new_time[1]
        minute = new_time[3] + new_time[4]
        second = new_time[6] + new_time[7]
        week = "0" + str(self.w.index(new_time.split(",",2)[1])+1)
        year = new_time.split(",",2)[2][2] + new_time.split(",",2)[2][3]
        month = new_time.split(",",2)[2][5] + new_time.split(",",2)[2][6]
        day = new_time.split(",",2)[2][8] + new_time.split(",",2)[2][9]
        now_time = binascii.unhexlify((second + " " + minute + " " + hour + " " + week + " " + day + " " + month + " " + year).replace(' ',''))
        #print(binascii.unhexlify((second + " " + minute + " " + hour + " " + week + " " + day + " " + month + " " + year).replace(' ','')))
        #print(self.NowTime)
        self.bus.writeto_mem(int(self.address),int(self.start_reg),now_time)

    def alarm_irq_handler(self, pin):
        global alarm_triggered
        alarm_triggered = True

    def set_alarm_time(self, alarm_time):
        self.alarm_pin = Pin(ALARM_PIN, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP)
        self.alarm_pin.irq(handler=self.alarm_irq_handler, trigger=Pin.IRQ_FALLING)

    # ステータスフラグクリア
        status = self.bus.readfrom_mem(self.address, self.status_reg, 1)
        self.bus.writeto_mem(self.address, self.status_reg, bytes([status[0] & 0xFE]))

    # コントロールレジスタ設定 (INTCN=1, A1IE=1)
        self.bus.writeto_mem(self.address, self.control_reg, b'\x07')

    # アラーム時刻設定
        hour = alarm_time[0] + alarm_time[1]
        minute = alarm_time[3] + alarm_time[4]
        second = alarm_time[6] + alarm_time[7]
        date = alarm_time.split(",", 2)[2][8] + alarm_time.split(",", 2)[2][9]
        now_time = binascii.unhexlify((second + minute + hour + date).replace(' ', ''))
        self.bus.writeto_mem(self.address, self.alarm1_reg, now_time)

    def get_date(self):
        t = self.bus.readfrom_mem(self.address, self.start_reg, 7)
        year = 2000 + bcd2dec(t[6])
        month = bcd2dec(t[5])
        day = bcd2dec(t[4])
        return year, month, day

# time format conversion
def bcd2dec(bcd):
        return ((bcd >> 4) * 10) + (bcd & 0x0F)

def sdmount_getlist():
    sd = sdcard.SDCard(machine.SPI(0), machine.Pin(17))
    os.mount(sd, '/sd')
    files = os.listdir('/sd')   # set to mount point

    for file in files:
        print(file)

def get_adc_write(filename):
    value = round((adc.read_u16() >> 4) * 3.3 * 3 / 4096, 2)  # calculate real voltage and round to 2 degits below decimal point
    print(value)
    
    with open(filename, 'a') as f:
        f.write("{}\n".format(value))

def add_one_minute_to_rtc_time(rtc):
    # RTCから生の7バイトを取得（BCD形式）
    t = rtc.bus.readfrom_mem(rtc.address, rtc.start_reg, 7)
    
    year = 2000 + bcd2dec(t[6])
    month = bcd2dec(t[5] & 0x1F)
    day = bcd2dec(t[4] & 0x3F)
    hour = bcd2dec(t[2] & 0x3F)
    minute = bcd2dec(t[1] & 0x7F)
    second = bcd2dec(t[0] & 0x7F)
    weekday = t[3] & 0x07  # 1-7
    
    # 月ごとの日数 （うるう年考慮）
    def is_leap(year):
        return (year % 4 == 0 and year % 100 != 0) or (year % 400 == 0)
    def days_in_month(y, m):
        mdays = [31, 29 if is_leap(y) else 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31]
        return mdays[m-1]
    
    # 1分加算
    minute += 1
    if minute >= 60:
        minute = 0
        hour += 1
    if hour >= 24:
        hour = 0
        day += 1
        weekday = weekday + 1 if weekday < 7 else 1 if day > days_in_month(year, month):
            day = 1
            month += 1
            if month > 12:
                month = 1
                year += 1
    
    # 曜日文字列
    w = ["Sunday","Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday","Thursday","Friday","Saturday"]
    weekday_str = w[weekday-1]
    
    # alarm_time 文字列形式 'HH:MM:SS,Weekday,YYYY-MM-DD'
    alarm_time_str = "{:02d}:{:02d}:{:02d},{},{:04d}-{:02d}-{:02d}".format(
        hour, minute, second, weekday_str, year, month, day)
    
    return alarm_time_str

# set alrm time period
def set_alarm():
    alarm_time_1min_later = add_one_minute_to_rtc_time(rtc)
    print("Alarm time 1 min later:", alarm_time_1min_later)
    rtc.set_alarm_time(alarm_time_1min_later)

if __name__ == '__main__':

    # SD card power control
    pow_pin = Pin(SD_ON, Pin.OUT)
    pow_pin.value(0)

    sdmount_getlist()
    
    # make RTC instance
    rtc = ds3231(I2C_PORT,I2C_SCL,I2C_SDA)
    #rtc.set_time('15:38:00,Sunday,2025-09-14')
    
    set_alarm()
    
    # create file if not exists or open for append later
    year, month, day = rtc.get_date()
    filename = "/sd/{:04d}-{:02d}-{:02d}.txt".format(year, month, day)

    with open(filename, 'a') as f:
        pass  # to create if not exist

    get_adc_write(filename)
        
    try:
        while True:
            if alarm_triggered:
                alarm_triggered = False
                set_alarm()
                get_adc_write(filename)
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        print("terminated")